Defense against infectious disease
Understandings:
The skin and mucous membranes form a primary defense against pathogens that cause infectious disease.
Antibiotics block processes that occur in prokaryotic cells but not in eukaryotic cells.
Viruses lack a metabolism and cannot therefore be treated with antibiotics.
Some strains of bacteria have evolved with genes that confer resistance to antibiotics and some strains of bacteria have multiple resistance.
The skin and mucous membranes form a primary defense against pathogens that cause infectious disease.
Antibiotics block processes that occur in prokaryotic cells but not in eukaryotic cells.
Viruses lack a metabolism and cannot therefore be treated with antibiotics.
Some strains of bacteria have evolved with genes that confer resistance to antibiotics and some strains of bacteria have multiple resistance.
Application: Florey and Chain’s experiments to test penicillin on bacterial infections in mice.
Aim 8: The social as well as the economic benefits of the control of bacterial diseases around the world should be stressed.
Aim 8: The social as well as the economic benefits of the control of bacterial diseases around the world should be stressed.
Production of antibodies by lymphocytes in response to particular pathogens gives specific immunity: Humoral and Cell- mediated
Subgroups of phagocyte and lymphocyte are not required but be aware that some lymphocytes act as memory cells and can quickly reproduce to form a clone of plasma cells if a pathogen carrying a specific antigen is re-encountered.
International-mindedness:
• The spread and containment of diseases such as bird flu require international coordination and communication.
• An understanding of immunity has led to the development of vaccinations.
Aim 9: Science has limited means in the fight against pathogens, as shown by the spread of new diseases and antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
• The spread and containment of diseases such as bird flu require international coordination and communication.
• An understanding of immunity has led to the development of vaccinations.
Aim 9: Science has limited means in the fight against pathogens, as shown by the spread of new diseases and antibiotic-resistant bacteria.