Ms. Frost  A world of biology.....
  • Welcome
    • Data bases for labs
    • IB Calendar
  • IB: Introduction to cells
    • Origin and Division of Cells
    • Membrane Structure and transport
    • Structure of DNA and RNA
    • DNA Replication
    • Transcription and gene expression
    • Translation
    • Genetic modification and biotechnology
  • Molecules to Metabolism
    • Molecular diagrams
    • Water
    • Carbohydrates and Lipids
    • Proteins and Enzymes
    • Lactase / Enzyme Inhibition
    • Cellular Respiration
    • Phases of Cellular Respiration
    • Earth atmosphere / Color
    • Photosynthesis
  • Digestion and absorption
    • The kidney and osmoregulation
    • Neurons and synapses
    • Muscle and Movement
    • The blood system
    • Gas exchange
    • Defense against infectious disease
    • Antibody production and vaccination
    • Hormones, Homeostasis
    • Sexual reproduction
  • Genetics and Genes
    • Chromosomes
    • Meoisis
    • Inheritance
    • MORE Inheritance
  • Evidence of evolution
    • Natural selection
    • Gene pools and speciation
    • Classification of biodiversity
    • Cladisitics
  • Ecology Species, communities and ecosystems
    • Energy Flow
    • Carbon Cycling
    • Climate change
  • Option C: Species and communities
    • Option C: Communities and ecosystems
    • Option C: Impacts of human on ecosystems
    • Option C: Conservation of biodiversity
  • Plants: Transport in the xylem of plants
    • Transport in the phloem of plants
    • Growth in plants
    • Reproduction in plants
  • Anatomy Language
    • Epithelial/Connective/Skeletal
    • Muscular / Nervous Tussue
    • Heart
  • Western Hills Website
  • Science in the News
  • World Population Clock

Genetic modification and biotechnology

​Understandings:
​
Gel electrophoresis is used to separate proteins or fragments of DNA according to size.
PCR can be used to amplify small amounts of DNA.
DNA profiling involves comparison of DNA.
​
Application: Use of DNA profiling in paternity and forensic investigations, use for criminal cases, paternity suits, relationships between species..
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Electrophoresis : Skill: Analysis of examples of DNA profiles.

Use BOTH of these excellent simulations to see electrophoresis in action and how the results are used! 
Complete this animation!
Electrophoresis simulation
PCR animation!
Genetic modification is carried out by gene transfer between species.
Application: Gene transfer to bacteria using plasmids makes use of restriction endonucleases and DNA ligase.
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Clones are groups of genetically identical organisms, derived from a single original parent cell.
Many plant species and some animal species have natural methods of cloning.
Animals can be cloned at the embryo stage by breaking up the embryo into more than one group of cells.
Methods have been developed for cloning adult animals using differentiated cells.
Application: Production of cloned embryos produced by somatic-cell nuclear transfer.
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Dolly is an example of somatic-cell transfer
what is cloning? How is it done?  Fact or fiction?
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Cloning macaques
Theory of knowledge:
The use of DNA for securing convictions in legal cases is well established, yet even universally accepted theories are overturned in the light of new evidence in science. What criteria are necessary for assessing the reliability of evidence?​
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Skill: Design of an experiment to assess one factor affecting the rooting of stem-cuttings.
​Aim 6: The design of a rooting experiment should ideally lead to the experiment actually being carried out by students.
A plant species should be chosen for rooting experiments that forms roots readily in water or a solid medium.


What is the new CRISPR?
How does it work?  What advantages does it give us?  Are there limitations we should think about with the use of this technology? 
Try your knowledge out to see if you can correct the space aliens problems with gene therapy through viruses.  
Game: Viral vectors for gene therapy
Application: Assessment of the potential risks and benefits associated with genetic modification of crops.
​ Aim 8: The ethics of genetic modification could be discussed.
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What are Bt crops?
Skill: Analysis of data on risks to monarch butterflies of Bt crops.
risk assessment 2001
Bt corn and monarch  assessment 2019
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  • Welcome
    • Data bases for labs
    • IB Calendar
  • IB: Introduction to cells
    • Origin and Division of Cells
    • Membrane Structure and transport
    • Structure of DNA and RNA
    • DNA Replication
    • Transcription and gene expression
    • Translation
    • Genetic modification and biotechnology
  • Molecules to Metabolism
    • Molecular diagrams
    • Water
    • Carbohydrates and Lipids
    • Proteins and Enzymes
    • Lactase / Enzyme Inhibition
    • Cellular Respiration
    • Phases of Cellular Respiration
    • Earth atmosphere / Color
    • Photosynthesis
  • Digestion and absorption
    • The kidney and osmoregulation
    • Neurons and synapses
    • Muscle and Movement
    • The blood system
    • Gas exchange
    • Defense against infectious disease
    • Antibody production and vaccination
    • Hormones, Homeostasis
    • Sexual reproduction
  • Genetics and Genes
    • Chromosomes
    • Meoisis
    • Inheritance
    • MORE Inheritance
  • Evidence of evolution
    • Natural selection
    • Gene pools and speciation
    • Classification of biodiversity
    • Cladisitics
  • Ecology Species, communities and ecosystems
    • Energy Flow
    • Carbon Cycling
    • Climate change
  • Option C: Species and communities
    • Option C: Communities and ecosystems
    • Option C: Impacts of human on ecosystems
    • Option C: Conservation of biodiversity
  • Plants: Transport in the xylem of plants
    • Transport in the phloem of plants
    • Growth in plants
    • Reproduction in plants
  • Anatomy Language
    • Epithelial/Connective/Skeletal
    • Muscular / Nervous Tussue
    • Heart
  • Western Hills Website
  • Science in the News
  • World Population Clock